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     Fourteenth Sunday in Ordinary Time: Forms of Prayer (2) – Prayer of Contrition

Contrition is a vital form of prayer, reflecting a heart humbled and sorrowful for sin. In Hebrew, the word דַּכָּא  (dakka') is often translated as “crushed” or “broken,” symbolizing a state of being deeply humbled and remorseful for one’s sins. The Latin word for “contrite,” conterere, means “to crush, grind, tear, twist, or rub together,” highlighting the intensity of inner sorrow. In the Bible, this term is used to describe a heart or spirit broken by sin, humbled by genuine remorse, and moved to repentance. Scripture teaches that a prayer of contrition is essential in one’s relationship with God. It is not merely an expression of regret but involves a sincere sorrow for sin, a turning away from wrongdoing, and a commitment to change one’s life. The Bible emphasizes that God does not desire mere sacrifices or burnt offerings but takes delight in a contrite and humble heart (Psalm 51:18-19). He offers forgiveness to those who seek His mercy with a sincere heart. The Catechism highlights contrition as a key part of the Sacrament of Penance (Confession), which requires sorrow for sins along with a firm purpose of amendment. There are two forms of contrition: perfect contrition, which arises from love for God and His mercy, motivating a sinner to abandon sin and return to God, much like the prodigal son (Luke 15:11-32). On the other hand, imperfect contrition, or attrition, arises from fear—whether fear of guilt, punishment, or the dread of eternal damnation. While the sinner feels sorrow for sin, this form of contrition does not necessarily lead to a firm resolve to forsake sin. Contrition is ultimately a gift from God, who stirs the conscience and initiates an inner transformation in the sinner’s heart. Through this grace, God offers forgiveness and sacramental absolution. However, imperfect contrition alone does not suffice to forgive grave sins; it prepares the sinner to receive forgiveness through the Sacrament of Penance (Catechism, 1453). An examination of conscience, grounded in Scripture, the Ten Commandments, the Beatitudes, and the Church’s moral teachings (Catechism, 1454), is essential not only for making a good confession but also for making reparation and turning away from sin. Formal prayers of contrition are found throughout the Old Testament, particularly in the seven Penitential Psalms (Psalms 6, 32, 38, 51, 102, 130, and 143). These prayers, while seeking God’s forgiveness, are not solely for the sake of forgiveness but for restoring one’s relationship with God, broken by sin. The ultimate purpose of the prayer of contrition is to grow in holiness and fully abandon sin, turning one’s heart toward God’s mercy and transformation.  — Fr. Jesu.